Linux
Zap777
Zap777 enables you to quickly change the permissions of any folder and its files, together
with its subfolders and their contents, on any Linux·formatted device (HD, pendrive, etc.)
so that all users can read or write files or execute (run) programs freely.
PERMISSIONS HELL
if you are a normal computer user, you will wish to move your files around as you please, so that you never have any trouble in reading the files you need to
read, writing the files you need to write, and executing the programs you need to execute. As you copy your files from one folder to another on your local HD,
copy files to and from USB sticks and drives, and transfer files from one computer to another, you will find that Linux frequently impedes you from doing this
on grounds of "security". All well and good, but you will find that things don't always work the way they are supposed to. If, like me, you are sick and tired of
being presented with messages of the following type when you look at the properties of the folders or files converned:
"You are not the owner, so you cannot change these permissions"
"Permissions cannot be determined"
or you find that the read/write/execute permissions of your folders and files are fixed and disabled so that you cannot change them, then you really need to
do something about it. Or even if you do not have any general trouble with the access permissions of the folders and files in the place you have copied them
to, Linux has suddenly changed the permissions to a different kind, and you need to go through all your folders and subfolders one by one in order to restore
the permissions to their original state, and to make all the programs executable again. What a hassle!
TRY IT THE LINUX WAY
Get root access. This will alleaviate most of your problems of changing read/write/execute permissions for all users.
For a specific folder, if you right-click on it in Linux Mint, you will see this:
Clicking on "Open as Root" will then open a special folder once you enter your root password as requested:
From there, you can navigate to any other folder, and change its permissions.
Another way of doing it is to type "sudo nemo" into a terminal. If you are using a Gnome-2-compatible Linux other than Mint, you might need to do it this
way because the right-click "Open as Root" option is not available to you. And if you are using a file manager different to Nemo, enter it into the terminal
like this:
sudo file-manager-name
DO IT THE Zap777 WAY
If you find that the above does not resolve your permissions problem adequately, or you still find it a hassle to have to investigate a load of sub-folders
just to make programs executable, and you lack patience as I do, then you can just zap an entire folder with 777 permissions and have done with it.
This will allow users of any type ("Owner", "Group" or "Others") to do anything (i.e. read, write or execute) any file.
Please note though, that I would not recommend doing this willy-nilly all over the place! If you do, then your Linux will become just as practical, but
potentially just as insecure as a Windows system!
After unpacking the ZIP folder you have downloaded, double-click the program file:
Click on the "Get folder..." button and choose the folder requiring change of permissions:
You will note that the "Make Bash script" button is now enabled.
Click on that too:
The instructions tell you what to do. You can now close the program. Returning to the zap777 folder, DOUBLE-CLICK the file "changeFolderPermissions.sh":
Click on the first button, "Run in Terminal":
Type in your root password, followed by ENTER.
The Terminal will close automatically, and your chosen folder has been "zap777'd".
The sub-folder and file permissions should all look like this:
A BASIC CONFUSION
Part of the confusion over questions of ownership and permissions arises from the fact that although you can change these things on a Linux·formatted
device (e.g. pendrive) using ext2, ext3, ext4, etc., you cannot do it on a device formatted for Windows with FAT32 or NTFS. Linux never seems to make
this clear.
Therefore, if you wish to carry your data (and certainly your Linux programs) around on a pendrive for use with other Linux computers, it needs to be
done on a Linux pendrive and not a Windows pendrive. However, if you give the same pendrive to Windows, it will be unable to read it and will even
offer to re·format it for you! (There exists special software for Windows which, once installed, enables you to read Linux pendrives in Windows, but
of course this completely goes against the practice of portability that you might be trying to achieve generally.)
Below, you will find 2 suggestions for handling the permissions on Linux devices (such as pendrives formatted in ext4), but it should remain clear that
none of what is suggested applies to handling permissions on Windows devices (such as pendrives formatted in the standard FAT32).
VIEWING PROPERTIES AND PERMISSIONS
To see the properties of a pendrive, right-click on the name of the device on the left, and choose "Properties".
From the picture below, you will see that the filesystem type is defined as "msdos", which means that the pendrive has been formatted for Windows.
If it were a Linux pendrive, the filesystem type would probably be defined as "ext2", "ext3" or "ext4".
To see the permissions of a folder, right-click on it and choose "Properties", and then choose the "Permissions" tab:
FORMATTING A PENDRIVE FOR LINUX
For information on how to format a pendrive for Linux, please look HERE.
HANDLING PERMISSIONS ON LINUX DEVICES